Water Purifier

As scientists and public officials have become more and more conscious of the potential hazards of contamination of our water system, there has been more and more focus on the field of back low prevention. Simply put, a back flow preventer blocks the backward flow of liquid in a flowing system. The plumbing industry is especially concerned about the locations where water from the potable water system, i.e. drinking water, emerges from the system. This can occur at your faucet, show nozzle, or outdoor spigot, to name three likely places. Should the emerging water contact external contaminants, there is a danger that when the flow ceases, the contaminated water will be drawn back into the potable water causing contamination of the drinking water. This very event actually occurs about 10,000 times a years, and has caused fatalities.

One of the most serious threats to potential water contamination occurs during the irrigation of crops. Modern agricultural scientists have developed systems, which inject insecticide chemicals, as well as fertilizers, into the irrigation water as the flow towards the exit hole. Because of the siphoning effect, some of this contaminated water may reenter the potable water supply.
Since this poses a serious threat to the public, government regulations require the use of backflow prevention during chemical irrigation. This type of back flow prevention is called “chemigation,” when it is employed to prevent the reflux of chemicals, and “fertigation,” when it is employed to prevent the reflux of fertilizers injected into the irrigation water as it flows towards the exit hole.

Insecticides are such dangerous substances,that chemigation employs a series of back flow checks to protect the safety of the public. The first valve employed is called a “spring loaded check valve.” A check valve is simply a one way flap, or stopper, which prevent the reflux of liquid flowing in a tube. When the water flows in the right direction, it pushes the stopper out of the way, when the water is still, the pressure of the liquid trying to reflux pushes the flap or stopper shut. In a spring loaded check valve, a spring pushes the flap or stopper back against the valve opening, (valve seat), before the water has a chance to do it.

The reason for employing a spring loaded valve is logical. Liquid flows in random directions. With regular stop valve, when the flow stops and the water begins to back up, some of the water flows against the valve lip or stopper and pushes it shut, but some of the water flows around the flap, and refluxes. Check valves work because the amount of water that refluxes before the valve shuts is small. But when the downstream water is contaminated with dangerous insecticides that are poisonous even in small amounts, then even a little water refluxing could be deadly. Therefore, scientists rely on the spring loaded check valve, which closes the opening much quicker.

Even the spring loaded check valve does not close quickly enough to prevent all of the contaminated liquid from refluxing. Therefore, chemigation valves employ additional types of backflow prevention, which includes a downstream low vacuum drain that releases contaminated water and also protects the upstream check valve from the possibility of continual reverse pressure coming from downstream. The chemigation backflow prevention device also includes an air and vacuum relief valve, which prevents siphoning by allowing air to enter the irrigation tube, whenever flow strops and pressure drops in the tube. Finally, the whole system includes an irrigation port, downstream from the check valve, for adding the chemicals and fertilizer. The specificity of the agricultural backflow prevention system, and the intricacy of the regulations which protect the public, should deter anyone from taking our supply of safe fruits and vegetables for granite.

This article was brought to you by A-1 Plumbing of Baltimore, a Baltimore plumbing company. If you have concerns about whether the plumbing fixtures in your home are back flow compliant, A-1 encourages you to contact your area plumber. If you happen to live in the Metro Baltimore, Md. area, we will be happy to assist you. Our plumbers are certified in backflow prevention and will be happy to inspect your home.

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